What are Main Components of Computer

What are the components of computer ?

As you must know, what is a computer, today’s era is the era of computer and without it every work seems impossible nowadays. In today’s time, the use of computer has increased so much in everything. In our blog Components Of computer in Hindi, we will know what are the different components of computer and how they work. Let’s start in detail about Components Of computer !

Topics

What is a computer?
What are the different factors of computer?
Write the parts of computer and their functions?
input/output devices

2. System Unit
3. Computer Memory
4. Storage Unit
5. Communication
   What about computer memory?

What is a computer ?

As you must know, what is a computer, today’s era is the era of computer and without it every work seems impossible nowadays. In today’s time, the use of computer has increased so much in everything that without computer we cannot complete any task, whether it is playing games, related to studies, filling forms, typing, we have to do these things. Computer is required for all the work.

What is a computer? Computer is a machine which is being used in almost all the fields in the life of every human being. With the speed of research and development on computer we can say that it will keep us aware of new experiences in life.

What are the different factors of computer ?

The computer system uses computer peripherals or input/output devices to interact with its surrounding environment. The basic structure of all types of computers is the same but the internal design of the computer is of different types and sizes. The five common main components of a computer are given below-

• input unit
• output unit
• CU
• ALU
• memory

Input Unit – The unit of a computer system by which a command or instruction is taken is called an input unit. Example: keyboard, mouse, trackball, joystick, scanner, barcode reader, etc.

Output Unit – The unit of computer system by which the command and instructions taken by processing the result is displayed is called Output Unit. Example: Monitor, Printer, Speaker etc.

Memory Unit – It is the storage unit of the computer. Computer memory is similar to the human brain which stores data and information. Computer memory is a storage space where data and information are kept which are to be processed. There are three types of memory-

cache memory
primary memory and
secondary memory

CU- The full name of CU is Control Unit. It controls the entire computer system and is a major part of the CPU.

ALU- The full name of ALU is Arithmetic Logic Unit. Under this, all types of arithmetic, mathematical and logical operations are performed, it is the main unit of the computer system. ALU is located inside the processor.

Write the parts of computer and their functions ?

A computer is a combination of many components in which each component has its own function, on this basis the main 5 parts of the computer are-

input/output devices
system unit
computer memory
storage unit
communication

Input/output devices

Input / Output devices are used to take input from the computer and give output, there are some devices that do both input and output. Like Monitor, Printer, Keyboard.

Keyboard – Computer keyboard is one of the most commonly used input devices by which numbers, letters and special characters are inputted into the computer. The keyboard is used to give specific commands to the computer. A keyboard consists of alphabetic and numeric keys that are used to input text and numeric data. There are many types of keys on the keyboard like Editing key, Function key, Caps lock key, Scroll key, Number lock key etc.

The Caps lock/scroll/Number lock keys are called toggle keys, while the control or alt keys are called combination keys because they are used with other keys.

Pointing Device- Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) which are being used extensively, require a painting device to indicate the position on the main screen. Pointing devices are of the following types such as mouse, trackball, touchpad, Graphic tablet, Joystick, Touchscreen etc.

Mouse – Mouse is the most popular point device that moves with the user’s hand. The old mouse used to have a ball in it, sensing the movement of the internal roller ball, operated the computer through the mouse cable, but nowadays the optical mouse is in vogue. Light and small sensors are used in which rolling ball is not used. The mouse also has scroll wheels which are helpful for working with the GUI.

Scanner – A scanner digitizes a printed page or graphic by converting it into an image with small pixels and translates it to the computer. It converts printed information into electronic format using laser technology. A scanner can scan any type of information such as handwritten text, images, printed pages, pictures, etc.

Touchpad- Nowadays all computers and laptops have touchpad point device which allows the user to move his head from one place to another on the screen by deciding the finger on the surface of the touchpad. Left and right click buttons are located at the bottom of the tree. Touch The use of a pad requires much less space than a mouse.

Monitor – Monitor is the most popular device for displaying a soft copy of the output. The user can view and read the output on the screen through the monitor.

Monitor Type

CRT Monitor – CRT monitors have been a traditional output device. It is similar to a TV. It consists of a large cathode ray tube that produces a picture on the screen using electron-beams of varying power.

Flat Panel Monitor – A flat panel monitor uses an LCD (liquid crystal display) to display the output from the computer. LCD is made up of many thin but two when the light passes through these layers it polarizes the light. LED plasma display is also a flat panel technology which is most commonly used nowadays.

Printer – Printer provides information in a permanent readable format which we call hard copy. Output is printed on a paper The quality of printer output is measured in DPI (Dot Per Inch). Printers can be broadly classified into impact and non-impact printers.

2. System Unit

System unit is also called system cabinet, the main parts like motherboard, processor etc. remain inside the system unit. It is part of all computer hardware. There is a lot of demand for computer hardware engineers in today’s date, because now there is hardly any area left where computer techniques are not used, in such a situation there are always problems in computers and to solve them, computer hardware engineers are needed. It falls

3. Computer Memory

Computer memory is used to store data and programs so that they can be used later as needed. Memory is a very important part of any computer. Memory is also used to store results. There are two types of memory – RAM and ROM

RAM-Random Access Memory The read and write memory of the computer goes to the computer memory card, in which the user can read and write information. There are two types of RAM –

Dynamic RAM
Static RAM

ROM-Read Only Memory This is non-volatile memory. No change can be made in the stored information in this memory. In this, the user can only read the information and cannot write it.

Types of ROM-

Programmable Read Only Memory
Erasable PROM
flash memory

4. Storage Unit

The computer stores the data of all the users in the storage unit. The computer user can use the data stored in it later. Like DVD, Pen Drive, Hard Disk, Optical Disk, Hard Disk Drive etc.

5. Communication

Many devices are used for the world, they are used to connect one computer to another. Such as internet, modem, Wi-Fi etc.

What about computer memory ?

Computer memory is where data is stored. Computer memory is a storage space where data and information are kept. Which can be processed later. There are three types of memory-

cache memory
primary memory
and secondary

Cache memory: Cache memory is very high speed semiconductor memory which increases the speed of CPU and main memory. Here the data and that part of the program is kept which is used again and again. Cache memory has the following advantages-

1. Cache memory is faster than main memory.
2. It uses less time than main memory.
3. It stores data for temporary use.

Primary/Main Memory- Primary memory stores only those data or instructions on which work is currently going on. The data and instructions required for processing reside in the main memory. Main memory features

This is the working memory of the computer.
Its speed is faster than the main memory.
A computer cannot run without primary memory.

Secondary Memory- Secondary memory is also called external or non-volatile memory. This memory is slower than the main memory. It is used to store data and information permanently. The CPU does not use this memory directly, rather it accesses the memory through input-output routines. The contents of the secondary memory are first transferred to the main memory after which the CPU can access it.

Features of secondary memory –

It is optical and magnetic memory (it is useful as backup memory).
The data remains secure even when the power is turned off.
Begins with primary memory.
Large and heavy data can be stored at low cost.

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